Welcome to the Resource Library, a searchable collection of materials that you can use for your organizational development and training needs. Inside you will find tools, promotional items, reference materials, and more.
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Analysis of Constitutional and Statute Laws (PDF, 24 KB)
An informative worksheet specifying vocabulary, definitions, and the constitutional rights of victims. Search Terms: Victim Rights, Law, Legal Advocacy, Advocacy, Advocate, Victim Advocate |
Analyzing an Individual Jurisdiction's Laws Checklist (PDF, 25 KB)
This worksheet outlines key points for consideration, including essential vocabulary and language when considering an individual jurisdiction’s laws. Search Terms: Victim Rights, Law, Legal Advocacy, Advocacy, Advocate |
13 Common Victims' Rights (PDF, 581 KB)
A comprehensive document detailing the 13 common rights of victims and an indepth definition for each. Search Terms: Victim Rights, Law, Legal Advocacy, Advocate, Victim Advocate |
OVC TTAC Fact Sheet (PDF, 140 KB)
This fact sheet promotes the tools and resources offered through OVC TTAC, including specialized and customized training to support professional development, enhance services to the community, and expand outreach to underserved victims of crime. Search Terms: Training, Technical Assistance, Webinars, Online, Special Initiatives, Outreach |
Training Flier (PDF, 74 KB)
This flier promotes the standardized, face to face trainings available through OVC TTAC. Search Terms: Training, Learning, Technical Assistance, Interactive |
Human Trafficking Task Force e-Guide Flier (PDF, 206 KB)
This flier promotes the Human Trafficking Task Force e-Guide, which includes guidance on how to form and develop new human trafficking task forces as well as ideas to strengthen existing task forces; creative strategies, examples, and lessons learned from existing task forces; and links to numerous tools, trainings, and resources. Search Terms: Task Force, Trafficking, E-Learning, Professional Development |
Integrating Crime Victims' Issues Into College and University Curricula Flier (PDF, 218 KB)
This flier promotes the Integrating Crime Victims' Issues Into College and University Curricula, which includes curriculum kits and teaching materials, a faculty involvement guide, and templates for internship agreements. Search Terms: Students, College, University, Teacher, Curriculum |
Advanced Military Sexual Assault Advocate Training Flier (PDF, 237 KB)
This flier promotes the Advanced Military Sexual Assault Advocate Training for Sexual Assault Response Coordinators and Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Victim Advocates. Search Terms: Military, Sexual Assault, Advocate, Advocacy, Victim Advocate, Training, SAPRO, Prevention |
Strengthening Military-Civilian Community Partnerships to Respond to Sexual Assault Flier (PDF, 299 KB)
This flier promotes the 1.5-day training on Strengthening Military-Civilian Community Partnerships to Respond to Sexual Assault. Search Terms: Military, Sexual Assault, Advocate, Victim Advocate, Training, Prevention, Advocacy |
Advocacy Tasks and the Justice System (PDF, 33 KB)
This chart examines the needs of victims of crimes through the different stages of the criminal justice process—from the time the crime is reported to post-conviction. Search Terms: Advocacy, Advocate, Arrest, Court, Pre-Court, Post-Conviction, Victim Advocate |
Applying the Decisionmaking Process (PDF, 19 KB)
This is a worksheet from the National Victim Assistance Academy to help practitioners think about the step-by-step actions required when working through the decisionmaking process. Search Terms: Ethics, Ethical Standards, Ethical |
Possible Victim Impact–Physical, Psychological/Emotional, Financial and Spiritual Impact (PDF, 32 KB)
This document lists possible impacts on victims of crime in four categories: physical, psychological/emotional, financial, and spiritual. Search Terms: Emotional, Psychological, Financial, Spiritual |
Victim Assistance Training Online Flier (PDF, 377 KB)
This flier promotes Victim Assistance Training Online, a basic victim advocacy training program that offers victim service providers and allied professionals the opportunity to acquire the basic skills and knowledge they need to better assist victims of crime. Search Terms: Victim Assistance, Training, E-Learning, Advocacy, Advocate, Victim Advocate |
Appendix G Advocating in the Criminal Justice System (PDF, 41 KB)
Working with elder abuse cases in the criminal justice system is a unique process, requiring proper court accommodations. This appendix covers recommended accommodations, as well as properly advocating and navigating cases in the criminal justice system. Search Terms: Advocate, Advocacy, Hearing, Trial, Criminal Justice, Court, Guardianship, Domestic Violence, Victim Advocate |
Trauma Responses (PDF, 110 KB)
Developed for practitioners, this worksheet serves as an activity where participants are asked to create a fictional, interactive case study where a survivor exhibits symptoms of trauma. Search Terms: Trauma-Informed, Traumatic |
Short-Term Intervention Best Practices (PDF, 86 KB)
Dealing with difficult and stressful situations as a practitioner is never an easy task and may require short-term interventions. This worksheet gives 14 case study examples and space to discuss possible interventions and best practices. Search Terms: Trauma-Informed, Traumatic, Interventions |
Immediate Intervention Best Practices (PDF, 75 KB)
Dealing with work and personal life stressors is never an easy task and may require short-term interventions. This worksheet gives 14 stress examples and space to discuss possible interventions and best practices. Search Terms: Trauma-Informed, Traumatic, Interventions |
Personal Self-Care Plan (PDF, 10 KB)
This document lets practitioners create their own self-care plan, covering personal, professional, and organizational topics. Search Terms: Self-Care, Advocate, Advocacy, Victim Advocate |
Change Preference Survey (PDF, 38 KB)
This worksheet tasks program managers to fill out a checklist concerning their attitudes toward changes in work and projects over a long period. The check marks are then scored and explained. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning |
Clients Analysis Checklist (PDF, 20 KB)
This checklist is used to identify clients and their interests and to assess the impact of a strategic planning project on each client group and the level of client participation in the plan. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Assessment |
Data Collection Tools (PDF, 34 KB)
This tool discusses the characteristics, benefits, and drawbacks of seven essential tools for data collection. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Data Collection, Evaluation, Assessment |
Developing a Strategic Plan Marketing Strategy (PDF, 16 KB)
In this activity, five groups are formed and each is given different scenarios to develop a marketing strategy by listing the main audience, the main ideas, possible communication methods, the timeline, and the management structure of the plan. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Marketing |
Preplanning Readiness Checklist (PDF, 19 KB)
The document serves as a tool for program managers to assess their organization’s readiness before delving into a project to meet current and future client needs. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning |
Sample Strategic Plan Formats (PDF, 23 KB)
This document lists four sample strategic plans as models for program managers to create their own. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning |
Stakeholder Information Delivery Range (PDF, 33 KB)
This document discusses the varying effectiveness of delivery methods. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Stakeholders, Partners |
Stakeholders Analysis Checklist (PDF, 22 KB)
This document outlines five essential steps to assess the role of stakeholders in an organization. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Stakeholders, Partners |
SWOT Checklist: Strengths and Weaknesses (PDF, 35 KB)
Covering the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization, this document and worksheet allows program managers to assess multiple components of their organizations. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Self-Assess |
Values (PDF, 16 KB)
This document and worksheet lists 20 common values and leaves room for program managers to assess their organization’s values and behaviors. Search Terms: Strategic Planning, Organizational Growth, Strategic Planning, Values |
SANE Program Development and Operation Guide Flier (PDF, 449 KB)
This flier promotes the SANE Program Development and Operation Guide, which includes new research, innovative practices, and all the latest information you need to create a new SANE program or enhance an existing one. Search Terms: Sexual Assault, Rape, Advocacy, Advocate, Training, SANE, SART, SAFE, DNA, Nurses, Victim Advocate, Evidence |
Gagne's Training Events (PDF, 108 KB)
Intended for use by educators, these are nine tips for a successful presentation. Search Terms: Training |
Learning Preferences (PDF, 114 KB)
This worksheet covers the three types of learners: visual learners, auditory learners, and kinesthetic learners. Each section describes each learning type and leaves room for notes. Search Terms: Adult Learning, Learning Preferences |
OVC Instructional Design Standards (PDF, 439 KB)
The Office for Victims of Crime (OVC) Instructional Design Standards establish the processes that OVC grantees must follow in the development of OVC-funded trainings. The Instructional Design Standards are based on the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) approach to developing training Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials, Standards |
Building Resiliency in Child Abuse Organizations Frequently Asked Questions (PDF, 144 KB)
This document goes over frequently asked questions regarding resiliency. Search Terms: Resiliency, Resilience, Organizational Development |
Building Resiliency in Child Abuse Organizations Frequently Asked Questions (DOCX, 990 KB)
This document goes over frequently asked questions regarding resiliency. Search Terms: Resiliency, Resilience, Organizational Development |
Trainer's Toolbox (PDF, 604 KB)
The Trainer's Toolbox includes useful information for all trainers. |
Glossary of Resiliency Terms (PDF, 112 KB)
This document provides definitions for resiliency terms. Search Terms: Resiliency, Resilience |
Glossary of Resiliency Terms (DOCX, 28 KB)
This document provides definitions for resiliency terms. Search Terms: Resiliency, Resilience |
CPR Card (PDF, 85 KB)
Here is a sample CPR Card that includes examples of the type of resource information to include. Search Terms: Students, College, University, Teacher, Curriculum |
CPR Card (DOCX, 30 KB)
Here is a sample CPR Card that includes examples of the type of resource information to include. Search Terms: Students, College, University, Teacher, Curriculum |
National Resources for Crime Victims (PDF, 17 KB)
This list provides a number of national resources for victims of crime. Search Terms: Victim Assistance, Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, Elder Abuse, Homicide, ID Theft, Identity Theft, Intimate Partner Violence, Sexual Violence |
Child Abuse and Neglect Resource Paper (PDF, 157 KB)
This paper briefly describes several basic forms of child abuse and neglect and the developmental and ecological contexts within which child maltreatment occurs. Search Terms: Child Abuse, Abuse, Neglect |
Elder Abuse Resource Paper (PDF, 252 KB)
This paper defines elder abuse and discusses the unique impacts and effects on victims of elder abuse. Search Terms: Elder Abuse, Older Adults, Abuse |
Homicide Resource Paper (PDF, 421 KB)
This paper describes the scope of homicide in the United States, the homicide differential, the extent of trauma experienced by family members and friends of the deceased victim, and effective strategies for victim assistance and justice system responses to co-victims of homicide. Search Terms: Homicide |
Human Trafficking Resource Paper (PDF, 166 KB)
This paper briefly describes the crime of human trafficking, its impact on victims, and models for multidisciplinary, collaborative approaches for serving this population. Search Terms: Human Trafficking, Multidisciplinary, Trafficking |
Identity Theft Resource Paper (PDF, 143 KB)
This paper defines identity theft and discusses the impact of identity theft on victims. Search Terms: Identity Theft, ID Theft |
Impaired Driving Resource Paper (PDF, 265 KB)
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the trends and issues service providers should consider when assisting survivors of impaired driving crimes. Search Terms: Impaired Driving |
Intimate Partner Violence Resource Paper (PDF, 271 KB)
This paper defines intimate partner violence and discusses the unique impacts and effects on victims of intimate partner violence. Search Terms: Intimate Partner Violence, Domestic Violence, Abuse, Violence |
Sexual Assault Resource Paper (PDF, 121 KB)
This paper defines sexual assault and discusses the unique impacts and effects on victims of sexual assault. Search Terms: Sexual Assault, Assault, Abuse |
Sample Suicide Assessment Form (PDF, 29 KB)
This assessment form goes over primary and secondary risk factors for suicide. Search Terms: Suicide |
Sample Advocate Recruitment and Application Materials (PDF, 46 KB)
This document provides sample advocate application and recruitment materials such as a sample job description, application, and interview. Search Terms: Victim Advocate, Advocacy, Advocate, Recruitment |
Strategies for Preventing Compassion Fatigue and Burnout (PDF, 39 KB)
This document reviews strategies for preventing compassion fatigue and burnout. Search Terms: Compassion Fatigue, Burnout, Victim Advocate, Organizational Development |
Glossary of Strategic Planning Terms (PDF, 52 KB)
This document provides definitions of strategic planning terms. Search Terms: Strategic Planning |
Best Practices in Developing Training Materials (PDF, 170 KB)
This fact sheet outlines key adult learning principles that organizations should consider as they develop training and written materials. Search Terms: Human Trafficking, Trafficking, Training, Training Materials, Fact Sheet |
Key Considerations for Developing and Assessing Human Trafficking Resources (PDF, 195 KB)
This fact sheet can be used for reference when developing human trafficking resources and trainings and to review existing resources to evaluate the information critically and identify its relevancy. Search Terms: Human Trafficking, Trafficking, Training, Training Materials, Fact Sheet |
Building Resiliency in Victim-Serving Organizations (PDF, 994 KB)
Learning how to develop and build resiliency is essential for victim service providers, first responders, and organizations of all sizes. This document includes questions for you and your organization to ask to begin identifying ways to build resiliency. Search Terms: NVAA, Resiliency, Training |
Building and Managing Volunteer Programs (PDF, 2237 KB)
Learning how to effectively work with, manage, and support volunteers allows for organizations to expand their capacity as well as incorporate the communities they serve. This is essential knowledge for victim service providers, programmatic staff, and organizations of all sizes. This document includes questions for you and your organization to ask to begin identifying ways to enhance your volunteer programs. |
Developing and Managing a Board of Directors (PDF, 1525 KB)
Understanding how to develop and manage a board of directors is key for victim service provider organizations of all sizes, primarily for leadership and programmatic staff who interact with the organizations board of directors. This document includes questions for you and your organization to ask to begin to identify ways to develop and manage your board of directors. Search Terms: NVAA, Board of Directors, Board Development, Training |
Maintaining Healthy Boundaries (PDF, 16 KB)
This checklist lets practitioners check off what actions they believe are justified under various circumstances when working with victims of crime. Search Terms: Sexual Assault, Rape, Advocacy, Advocate, Training, Victim Advocate |
Expert Q&A Flier (PDF, 371 KB)
A flier for OVC's monthly Expert Q&A, a national forum designed to help victim service providers communicate with national experts and colleagues about best practices for assisting victims of crime. Search Terms: Expert Q&A, Flier, Webinar, Training, Technical Assistance, Online |
Detailed Design Document Example (PDF, 302 KB)
An example of a completed Detailed Design Document. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials |
High Level Design Document Example (PDF, 296 KB)
An example of a completed High Level Design Document. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials |
Making Positive Lifestyle Changes (PDF, 18 KB)
This self-care worksheet for practitioners addresses positive lifestyle changes and exercises that help to prevent compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma. Search Terms: Self-Care, Compassion Fatigue, Burnout, Vicarious Trauma |
Victims' Rights for Case Scenarios (PDF, 56 KB)
A comprehensive document that defines the constitutional rights of victims during the many steps of the criminal process, and includes essential vocabulary and scenarios. Search Terms: Victim Rights, Law, Legal Advocacy, Advocacy |
NVASC Standards for Victim Assistance Programs and Providers (PDF, 16 KB)
Developed by the National Victim Assistance Standards Consortium, this document outlines ethical standards required of practitioners when working with victims of crime. Search Terms: Victim Assistance, NVASC, Standards, Ethics, Ethical Standards, Direct Services, Provider |
Detailed Design Document Template (PDF, 58 KB)
Includes time requirements, detailed content outlines and notes, and resources for each learning objective within the module. Activities to help achieve the objectives are presented in detail. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials, Template |
Instructional Design Checklist for the Development of Face-To-Face OVC-Funded Training (PDF, 233 KB)
Lists the essential components of effective training to meet the OVC Design Standards. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials |
Instructional Design Checklist for the Development of Online OVC-Funded Training (PDF, 172 KB)
Lists the essential components of effective training to meet the OVC Design Standards. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials |
Best Practices for Blended Online Trainings (PDF, 645 KB)
Outlines steps and best practices to develop and implement blended online training. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials, Best Practices |
Best Practices for Self-Paced Online Trainings (PDF, 1097 KB)
Outlines steps and best practices to develop and implement self-paced (asynchronous) online training. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials |
Instructional Designer Job Descriptions (PDF, 217 KB)
Provides key responsibilities, basic qualifications, and professional skills for instructional designers. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials |
High Level Design Document Template (PDF, 199 KB)
Outlines the entire training and includes the training audience, training goals, and content and learning objectives for each module. Search Terms: Job Aids, Training, Instructional Design, Training Materials, Template |
Readiness Checklist (PDF, 16 KB)
This worksheet, developed for program managers, serves as a checklist to ensure all bases are covered during the grant writing and funding application processes. Search Terms: Funding, Grants, Victim Service Provider, Proposals, Funds |
Appendix F State and Federal Criminal Laws (PDF, 22 KB)
This document provides essential information on the importance of thinking about elder abuse in case scenarios where it may not come to mind, such as domestic violence. The document also details laws, services for the aging, and other programs related to elder abuse and assistance specifically. Search Terms: Identification, Elder Abuse, Older Adults, Abuse, Laws, Legal, Guardianship, Domestic Violence |
Identity Theft Victim Assistance Online Training Flier (PDF, 389 KB)
This flier promotes the Identity Theft Victim Assistance Online Training and how it provides advocates and other allied professionals with the tools they will need to better understand the rights and needs of victims of identity theft and to help assist them in their financial and emotional recovery. Search Terms: ID Theft, Identity Theft, Training, E-Learning, Victim Rights |
Resilience Assessment (PDF, 35 KB)
An assessment and development plan from the National Victim Assistance Academy measuring self-resiliency and the resiliency of your organization. Search Terms: Resiliency, Resilience, Assessment, Coping, Strategies, Relationships, Self-Care |
Resources for Victim Advocates Word Search (PDF, 21 KB)
A word search from the National Victim Assistance Academy that includes essential acronyms and agency vocabulary. |
The Role of Victim Service Providers Across the Criminal Justice System (PDF, 43 KB)
This document describes the roles of different victim service providers, including law enforcement, prosecution, courts, probation, correctional institutions, and parole. Search Terms: Processes, Law Enforcement, Advocacy, Advocate, Prosecution, Courts, Probation |
Sample Needs Assessment Survey Items (PDF, 128 KB)
Intended for use by program managers, this sample needs assessment surveys the capacity of an organization and its services. Search Terms: Needs Assessment, Assessment, Survey, Evaluation, Feedback |
Writing Measurable Goals and Objectives (PDF, 54 KB)
Using this worksheet, program managers can visualize and evaluate the long-term impacts they wish to achieve by identifying goals and essential elements of change and mission growth. Search Terms: Goals, Objectives, Evaluation, Curriculum |
Cross Model of Cultural Competence (PDF, 38 KB)
This document outlines Terry Cross’s six stages of cultural competence and leaves room for practitioners to evaluate their own level of cultural competence. Search Terms: Cultural Competence, Cultural Awareness, Victim Services, Culturally Appropriate |
Cultural Competence Planning Worksheet (PDF, 34 KB)
By using this worksheet, practitioners and organizations are guided to identify and create practical strategies to overcome cultural barriers in their communities and become culturally competent. Search Terms: Cultural Competence, Cultural Awareness, Victim Services, Culturally Appropriate |
Cultural Influences on Communication (PDF, 31 KB)
Identifying situations that cause unease is an essential step toward cultural competence. This checklist helps practitioners identify what makes them uncomfortable about different cultural communication styles. Search Terms: Cultural Competence, Cultural Awareness, Victim Services, Communications |
High-Context and Low-Context Cultures (PDF, 49 KB)
As described in Edward T. Hall’s 1976 book Beyond Culture, two forms of communication exist, high- and low-context. Ultimately, this document gives comprehensive summaries of both communication styles and is intended for cultural education of practitioners and organizations. Search Terms: Cultural Competence, Cultural Awareness, Victim Services, Culturally Appropriate |
Creating an LGBTQ-Friendly Agency (PDF, 12 KB)
By working with management, the organization, LGBTQ survivors, and staff, this worksheet can help an organization plot and plan to ensure the organization is LGBTQ friendly. Search Terms: LGBTQ, Cultural Competence, Cultural Awareness, Victim Services, Culturally Appropriate, Survivors |
Your Organization's Values (PDF, 16 KB)
This checklist identifies an organization’s values, whether strongly held or weakly held. Search Terms: LGBTQ, Accountability, Organizational Development, Values, Achievement |
The Homicide Trial (PDF, 109 KB)
Covering the steps of a homicide trial from trial preparation to verdict and sentencing, this document serves as an informative guide to the needs and wants of survivors and prosecutors. Search Terms: Pre-Trial, Verdict, Law, Court, Sentencing |
Cold Cases (PDF, 96 KB)
These three cold case examples help practitioners think about procedure, relatives and friends of the victim, and local laws pertaining to different cases. Search Terms: Case Scenario, Witness, Cold Case, Survivor |
Recognizing and Coping With Stress (PDF, 64 KB)
Intended for group discussion, this worksheet gives practitioners space to list their top five work and personal life stressors and coping mechanisms. Search Terms: Stressors, Stress Management, Coping, Self-Care |
Myths and Facts About Rape and Sexual Assault (PDF, 18 KB)
There are many myths about rape and sexual assault; this document lists 10 common myths and their corresponding factual truths. Search Terms: Rape, Sexual Assault |
The Impact of Childhood Trauma on Brain Development and Function (PDF, 77 KB)
This document describes the impact that childhood trauma can have on the development of the brain and its functioning. It also describes the factors that can affect brain dysfunction, and the various anatomical structures in the brain that can be impacted, changing its functionality. Search Terms: Trauma-Informed, Children, Youth, Grief, TBI |
Other Traumatic Disorders (PDF, 36 KB)
This document defines Disorder of Extreme Stress Not Otherwise Specified (DESNOS) and Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD), and describes the criteria that must be met in order for an individual to be diagnosed with DESNOS or DTD. Search Terms: Trauma-Informed, Children, Youth, Grief |
Therapeutic Models for Working With Children with Grief (PDF, 34 KB)
This document describes different types of treatments that may be effective in working with children dealing with grief or trauma. Cognitive behavioral therapy, eye movement desensitization reprocessing, equine-assisted therapy, and art, writing, and play therapy are described. Search Terms: Trauma-Informed, Children, Youth, Grief |
Applicable Laws (PDF, 69 KB)
Covering nine laws, this document details each law and its relevance to acts of violence. Search Terms: Disabilities, Functional Needs, Access Needs, Victim Services, Legal, Laws |
Potential Partners (PDF, 55 KB)
This worksheet lets organizations list potential partners, their current relationships, and benefits. Search Terms: Disabilities, Functional Needs, Access Needs, Victim Services, Partners |
Articulation (PDF, 103 KB)
This worksheet provides sentences for participants to use to practice their articulation. |
Evaluating and Writing Objectives (PDF, 117 KB)
This worksheet allows participants to define their goals for the end of the training. Search Terms: Goals, Objectives, Evaluation, Curriculum |
Evaluating and Writing Objectives Answers (PDF, 25 KB)
This is the answer sheet from the Evaluating and Writing Objectives worksheet. Search Terms: Goals, Objectives, Evaluation, Curriculum |
PowerPoint Guidelines (PDF, 110 KB)
This document provides the top 13 tips for a successful PowerPoint presentation. Search Terms: PPT, PowerPoint, Presentation, Guidelines |
Training Activities (PDF, 109 KB)
A document with nine examples of training activities, from brainstorming tasks to field trips. Search Terms: Training, Activities |
Training Strategies for Adult Learners (PDF, 19 KB)
Adults learn for different reasons than children. This document outlines five reasons adults learn and offers tips to create effective training strategies. Search Terms: Training, Adult Learning |